It seems that Busby may not have been quite as level as I had imagined, so the camp cat came into its own after all.

Here’s the camp cat positioned in preparation for levelling Busby.

And here’s the camp cat after levelling Busby.

Job done.

[No animals were harmed in the production of this post.]

Today would be a conservative 160kms from Hanmer Springs to Christchurch. Apart from a 10-minute drive to hand Busby back to Maui on Monday, that’d be it.

We’d spent a relatively sloping night in Busby which leads me to comment on another feature of New Zealand camping. In Europe, certainly Britain, it is usual to use levelling ramps when pitching ones unit on sloping ground. Caravans need just one, to level from side to side because the nose jockey wheel levels adjusts up and down to level them lengthwise. Campervans generally carry two levelling ramps to be able to level in two axes. Until two days ago, after 3½ weeks of camping in New Zealand, I had not seen a single levelling ramp in use. We did see a pair, being used by a private camper van at the DOC site at Marble Hill. I was really quite amazed; the ground was frequently not level. Why does one need to be level? Well, doors swing on hinges downhill, sleeping in a sloping bed can be a challenge (or enjoyable, depending on the company), and cooking when all the oil flows to one edge of the frying pan is real pain in the kitchen. Why don’t they bother here? It beats me.

We began with two relaxing cappuccini [just showing off] in Hanmer Springs. Francine’s brother had reported that Hanmer Springs was “tired looking”. Not so, I’ve rarely seen anywhere less tired looking. I do find the letter grouping difficult, though: Hamner Springs would roll off the tongue better than Hanmer – N followed by M does not seem natural.

Before beginning our journey proper, we indulged in a 2km/1hr walk through Hanmer Heritage Forest which we completed in 30-minutes. Well, how can you make 2kms take 60 minutes? Maybe if we’d found any orchids for Francine to point her camera at but regrettably we didn’t.

Finally underway, we were heading for Christchurch – scary spiders, a big city. After a supermarket stop in Amberley, we followed a brown sign declaring “Scenic Inland Route”, to avoid the busy main road. “The Scenic Inland Route” turned out to be mostly straight, dull and decidedly un-scenic. It was, however, inland. By going inland it led us first to a picnic spot for lunch followed by a spectacle neither of us had ever before witnessed, a game of polo at Rangiora. How the rich live. We watched the poor old polo ponies, tails bound so they couldn’t swish away flies, being put through their paces before hitting the road again.

For the second time on our travels, we ended up on a road unknown to Kiwi Satnav; it was a motorway skirting Christchurch. Kiwi’s plot line went dotted, never a good sign, as our new route went off piste. As we approached known roads passing beneath us, with no exit in sight, Kiwi Satnav excitedly instructed us to “turn lift” [left, you may remember, for those with no Kiwi accent]. “I can’t bloody turn lift”, I thought. “Nor can I turn left, right or around.” The short motorway which, I suspect, may be New Zealand’s only motorway, dumped us near the airport. It was also near a second wetland reserve that we wanted to visit so, as they say over here, it was “all good”.

The wetland was OK but, as expected, we saw nothing new, just the standard two damselflies and a dragonfly which refused too be caught on pixels but which I suspect was the local Aeshna. As an odonata enthusiast, I could never live in New Zealand with so few species to observe. That’s true for wildlife in general here, really; there’s a paucity of it and most of what one does see is European and imported. It’s a country for scenery and, as such, has few equals, I think.

This last stop was within spitting distance of our campsite. We’ve checked into the Top 10 site at Christchurch and, perhaps because we’re here for two nights, we have a relatively spacious pitch with spikey plants between us and the neighbouring units. Reviews complaining about being able to shake hands across the minimal gaps had made me dread it. Where we are is actually fine and I breathed a sigh of relief. Also the pitch is level, otherwise, in the absence of any levelling ramps, I’d have to drive one wheel onto the camp cat to get Busby horizontal; it’s a fat cat and should provide considerable flexibility. If minor adjustment is needed, there is a second, thinner cat that might come in handy under another wheel.

Our Greymouth morning dawned sunny and bright. I’d awoken once or twice during the night and lay there listening the soothing crashing of the Tasman Sea surf on the nearby shore. It soon lulled me back to sleep again.

We had an appointment in Christchurch on Saturday evening – Francine wants Sunday looking at Christchurch before the first leg of our flight home on Monday – so we had to make tracks back to the east. We’d take the third and final pass of the three in South Island, New Zealand, the Lewis Pass. I topped up Busby’s fuel tank for what will hopefully be the final time. [Sniff]

Our first stop in search of coffee was intended to be Reefton but we passed a beautiful looking spot of habitat just before getting there, a spot with the delightfully attractive name of Slab Hut Creek. Busby stopped to let us go odo-hunting. It was teeming, the star attraction being Aeshna brevistyla, New Zealand’s Hawker. It was only our second encounter and made a refreshing change from the usual three (Redcoats, Blue Dams and yellow-spotted Dragonfly).

Coffee at last in Reefton, which calls itself the Town of Light. It looked like something out of the old west again and we sat on the street in the shade enjoying coffee and a salmon bagel. Call it breakfast. Town of Light seemed like a puzzling tag line until we discovered that this was an old gold mining town and was the first in New Zealand to offer electric lighting to customers, inhabitants of the town, in 1888.

The road out of Reefton is the road into the Lewis Pass. We began climbing gently through a wooded valley. The woodland continued all the way up to the top, lower than Arthur’s Pass but higher than the Haast Pass. The whole trip seemed to be through woodland so we tagged this the Wooded Pass. Although Arthur’s Pass may be the highest and most iconic/touristic, for us it was the least interesting. We prefer both the Haast and Lewis passes.

We paused for lunch at Marble Hill, which is actually a DOC campsite, and very pleasant it looked, too. Why do you find these places at the wrong time of day? No matter, there was some wetland and, yes, some odos. As we were just pulling out of our parking place a dragonfly came sniffing around Busby, first at Francine’s side window, then at her side of the windscreen. It was huge; it just had to be one the so-called Giants, New Zealand endemics. There are two very similar species, the Mountain Giant and the Bush Giant. Given the habitat, meadowland on the way to the summit of the Lewis Pass, I’d wondered if this could’ve been either. However, I’ve made e-friends with the author of the book on NZ Dragonflies who seems to think that the Lewis Pass habitat is that of the Bush Giant (Uropetala carovei). Who am I to argue? We stopped and search but, alas, our celebrity had disappeared. I was, of course, partly disappointed that there was no chance of a photo but I hadn’t been expecting to see one (very early in their flight season) and I had. Sad camper that I am, it was quite a thrill.

Literally just over the un-dramatic summit of the Lewis Pass is the top section of the Saint James Walkway, a long distance footpath. This top area boasted an Alpine Nature Walk which naturally appealed to us nature lovers. Yes, there were some odos but perhaps most intriguing were what appeared to be some species of sundew plants. Actually, there were two but I was particularly intrigued by a vertical one. The scenery was pretty neat, too.

Our final descent into Hanmer Springs seemed bouncier and bumpier than the rest of the day. This is often the case, so perhaps it is actually that for a certain length of time one can cope with the shaking, rattling and rolling of Busby, but then a tipping point is reached and ones mind screams “enough”. it wasn’t a terribly long day at 220kms but it felt like it; we both felt drained and were ready to stop. A second factor was that the road seemed very busy (for New Zealand), particularly with heavies, most of which tow equally heavy trailers. The heavy traffic could well be because the Lewis Pass is the only remaining route north from Christchurch to places such as Nelson and the ferry at Picton.The normally more direct east coast road through Kaikura is unserviceable due to earthquake damage. In any event, feeling like a hot shower, we checked into the Top 10 site at Hanmer Springs.

It’s hot. Busby’s thermometer hit 28°C coming down out of the Lewis Pass today. Now we’re sitting in a shadeless, though pleasantly grassy and remote pitch, in Hanmer Springs with all Busby’s doors flung wide and the sunny-side curtains closed. We never expected New Zealand to be this hot at this time of year.

There are rumbles – maybe we’ll get cooled down yet.

Yes, it may look mad but we’ve done it. We’ve driven across from Akaroa on the east coast to Greymouth on the west coast and we did it through Arthur’s Pass. So, Arthur’s Pass – tick. ‘T was a distance of 325kms but see below. New Zealand isn’t that big, really.

Morning dawned with sunny intervals. Akaroa still looked pleasant enough and the campsite still didn’t. We decamped reasonably swiftly and drove down into town for two delicious cappuccini [just realised that the plural of cappuccino should be cappuccini – it was the cannolo/cannoli from Arrowtown that did that] before heading out. One of those big cruise ships was in the harbour tendering passengers ashore. I wonder if that was the one we’d seen at Milford Sound? Just an idle thought, that was probably too long ago.

Since we were most unlikely to be here again, even if we visit New Zealand again, we decided to drive the tourist route around the rim of the extinct volcano overlooking Akaroa. It’s a spectacular 35km drive offering expansive views of the harbour for much of the way. To be honest it could’ve done with being a bit shorter but I’m glad we did it. It eventually dumped us back on the main road heading towards, but skirting, Christchurch. Kiwi Satnav had Arthur’s Pass as a destination.

There are signs scattered about NZ saying, “NZ roads are different, allow extra time”. Very funny. Yes, they are indeed different; you can maintain a much higher average speed than is possible in the UK. The national speed limit here is 100kph and you can usually do it. Not so back home.

After just two hours, including passing and pausing at two odonata spots (to be added to my map), we entered an almost Tyrolean landscape and began climbing towards Arthur’s Pass itself. We climbed into the land of that nasty invasive Broom again.

A little further up we came to Castle Hill and paused for a wander and for Francine to see the rocky outcrops. At a small flush opposite a cattle pond I spotted some Redcoat Damselflies and, favouring those over rocks with no heartbeat, I left Francine to go snag the rocks while I snagged more little friends. I was intrigued because there is an Alpine Redcoat in very specific habitat so probably not here. I had to try, though.

The road continued to be fast and much straighter than I expected until, that is, we crested the summit and began descending. Here the road was still a main road but was steep (~12%) and sinuous. It keeps one on ones toes. Francine described the scenery as dramatic rather than picturesque, as the Haast Pass had been when we’d crossed the range from Franz Josef to Wanaka. We’d lucked out, though, the conditions over the pass were good, save for a spot or two of rain at the Arthur’s Pass settlement itself.

Decision time hit again. Near the bottom of our descent we paused outside an Alpine Resort with a campsite boasting excellent reviews. However, we were still almost 50kms from the coast and if we intended to cross back again over the third pass getting to the coast would be handy. Besides, poor Francine had thus far had precious few chances at west-facing sunset shots. There were a few clouds hanging about – sunsets need clouds – so the coast won.

We completed the coast to coast route, discounted the first crummy Kiwi [that’s a chain, not a description] campsite that we tried and finally lucked out at a much better Top 10 site 4kms further on, almost in Greymouth itself. Busby has something approaching a proper camping pitch, grass beneath his wheels and vegetation to his sides. He’s very happy. We are literally beside the beach and most of what we can hear is the crashing surf from the Tasman Sea; that and that good ol’ bass line from a chalet which I hope will eventually quieten down. We’ll concentrate on the surf.

Oh, we saw a Weka again on the latter part of the drive, which was lovely. It was trying to cross the road but happpily thought better of it as Busby approached. Wekas are now limited to the west coast. I didn’t know it ‘til then but I’d missed them.

Poor Francine’s clouds now seem to have evaporated but it was a much more successful day than yesterday.

No, that is not a sexual reference. Since the campsite was one of the more pleasant we have found and since the sun was out and time was not pressing, we spent a lazy day in Geraldine.

After a coffee in town, a visit to the local information centre produced a so-called riverside walk. Once found, most of the walk was not actually beside teh river but it did follow its course. At a couple of places we found the usual two damselflies, Common Redcoats and Blue Damselflies.

A visit to the local butcher reminded us of a cut of lamb that is unheard of in the UK – lamb backstrap. We’d first been introduced to this cut chez la frère de Francine, whilst on the Australian leg of our tripathon. After buying a piece big enough for two, I plucked up courage to ask the butcher to explain the cut, since we Brits don’t have it. It is a muscle running down the back of the animal, one either side of the spine, outside of the ribs. He explained that it was, in butchery terms, a quite wasteful cut since it ruins a good deal of the chops that would otherwise be available; hence its high price  (NZ$38.00 per kg). In cookery terms, there is no waste whatsoever and no fat. Cook it hot and fast like a steak.

The end.

Our mountain weather seemed to be collapsing this morning, whereas the weather further east looked fair, so tour director Francine decided we should leave Omarama (I think) and head for Geraldine. Our route would take us a mere 180kms through Mackenzie Country, named after a Gaelic speaking Scottish thorn-in-the-side-of-the-authorities sheep rustler. The infamous Mackenzie was imprisoned, escaped a few times and finally pardoned, presumably for bad behaviour. Good solution, guys. Crime does pay. The villain was supposedly in New Zealand for only two years; long enough to establish a lasting legacy, though.

At an early stop in Twizel [pronounced Twyz-l, not Twiz-l, remember] for supplies, we again met the pair of German travellers who had been on our walk in the Abel Tasmen National Park. Hugs and handshakes ensued before we actually got around to shopping.

After our supplies stop, we again passed the southern end of Lake Pukaki to bid farewell to Mount Cook, its head once again shrouded in clouds. Today’s scene looked a little less impressive than yesterday’s but New Zealand’s scenery sort of redefines impressive giving itself a hard act to follow. It was worth a pause and another click, though.

Our route continued past another of the several lakes, Lake Tekapo, which is overlooked by another tourist hotspot, the diminutive Church of the Good Shepherd. The church, with hardly enough room to swing a kiwi, stands at the southern end of the lake on a rocky mound and is itself overlooked by hundreds of grockels. The church has an end window providing photogenic views up the lake which, of course, everyone wanted to record on film/pixels. From a a little lower and to the side, and with the correct number (3) of strategically placed foreground rocks, this is roughly what the view would look like.

“But what’s the church look like?”, I hear you ask.

I’m getting there. More recently a ban has been imposed on photography from within the church. This results in the hundreds of tourists standing just outside the church door, trying to record the iconic view by shooting through the church to the window at the far end [not very far at all, really], presumably timing their shots to avoid the circling kiwi within. [Bump! See, I told you there wasn’t enough room.] Here’s Francine trialling a line up on the church of the head-battered kiwi, a line up which she finally rejected muttering, “it really isn’t worth it”, even though there was a cluster of those blasted lupins, too.

The rest of our drive was unremarkable. Maybe the most remarkable thing was that we didn’t drive by any publically accessible suitable dragonfly habitat. We arrived in Geraldine, topped up with fuel and checked into another Top 10 campsite with a grass pitch of reasonable proportions [reasonable for New Zealand, that is].

Our German friends have ended up on the same campsite. Another German traveller, this one a cyclist [Bravo!!], gratefully accepted a cold beer from Busby’s fridge. The five of us spent a pleasant early evening engaged in a bilingual beer and wine swilling party on the picnic bench positioned beside Busby. [Hic!]

The road heading north out of Omarama (I think) leads through Twizel [pronounced Twyz-l, not Twiz-l] to the southern end of Lake Pukaki. From there, zoom up the western edge of Lake Pukaki and you come to a dead end at the foot of Mount Cook, New Zealand’s highest mountain at 3754m/12200ft. It’s a biggie. With a sunny morning, that’s where we decided to head.

We didn’t get far before stopping. A road bridge just outside of Omarama (I think) crossed a river lined with plagues of lupins. Francine broke out the camera yet again. I plugged up my nose against the rather cloying scent. I’m thoroughly lupined out now, or that’s my lupinion. They are a colourful spectacle, though, in a weedy sort of way. The area was also a freedom camping area which looked reasonable if we could ever pluck up the courage to try it. Not sure I could take the scent of the lupins for a whole night, though; it’s be like sleeping in the perfume section of a department store. They all smell the same, don’t they? “Lupin, by Givenchy”.

Next stop was in Twizel at “Poppies world famous café”. I always wonder how such places get to be world famous, if, indeed, they are. A self proclamation, perhaps. Being a sunny Sunday, lots of folks were sitting out in the sun eating a world famous breakfast/brunch. World famous Eggs Benedict seemed to be the popular choice and it did look good. I’d had toast and Vegemite already but I was quite envious. The world famous coffee was good, though.

Outside the not so famous 4-Square supermarket I managed to step in some melting tar – surely it wasn’t that hot – and walked it inside Busby, whose floor latched onto it with great aplomb. “Bother!”, said Pooh, crossly. In the absence of any bona fide tar remover at the local garage, I bought a large bottle of methylated spirits to try. “If it doesn’t work, you can always drink it”, remarked the witty petrol station attendant. I asked if they sold lime juice, too. Regrettably not. It sort of worked but only sort of. Maybe methylated spirits would be OK with tonic and a slice of lemon? This might rival Douglas Adams’s pangalactic gargleblaster.

We had lunch staring up Lake Pukaki towards Mount Cook, whose summit appeared cloaked in cloud, whichever of the candidate peaks it was. A family of Orientals impacted on the otherwise rural serenity with one of those intensely irritating drone contrivances. In NZ’s favour, we’ve seen several areas signed as drone-free zones. Excellent! I’m thinking of marketing an small radio-controlled anti-aircraft gun to shoot the blasted things down. Alternatively, perhaps I could borrow the Santa-slaying [sleighing – get it?] artillery piece from Oamaru (I think).

I kind of expect roads in mountain areas to be tortuous and slow. Not here; we zoomed up beside Lake Pukaki on what would pass for a major road almost anywhere [not in the States, of course – just two lanes, one in either direction]. Doing the national speed limit of 100kph was not a problem, though that would’ve missed some of the beautiful scenery.

As we neared Mount Cook, we saw that the clouds that had appeared to be shrouding it  were actually in front of it and that the peak itself was actually largely clear. It’s a good looking mountain with a suitably sharp summit. Mountains should look like the Matterhorn. Ben Nevis in Scotland is only one-third the size and boringly rounded on top.

Many years ago, back in the 70’s, I remember thinking that on every campsite there was some twat who thought they knew how to play a guitar and who was determined to prove conclusively that they couldn’t. Fortunately, that campsite-guitar-playing fashion seemed to die out. Well, to quote the old airline gag:

Ladies and gentlemen, we are about to land in New Zealand, please set your watches back 40 years.

He’s here, the 70’s twat with the guitar. He has not learned how to play it in the intervening 40 years. OMG!

The weather gods had not been gracious overnight by brightening conditions for Francine’s bucket list Moeraki Boulders. This morning there was absolutely no light worth speaking of at all; in fact, the light was as flat as I can every remember seeing light, if light it could be called. It soon began mizzling. Francine and her tripod gamely went and played with them, nonetheless, though tourist hoards added to her difficulties by wandering in and out of her long exposures. Consequently, Francine presents, The Ghost of Moeraki.

All was not lost, even though the results were not as originally planned or imagined. Nonetheless, in the drifting drizzle under the grey sky, Francine’s doggedness paid off with an atmospheric shot or two in the end. Wellington boots help: stand in the water so no other tourists can get in front of you.

Leaving the tourist infested boulders, we drove 40-ish miles south to Dunedin, just because it was there, a few miles away and might just be brighter. It was slightly brighter. We found a 120-minute parking spot for Busby and took to Shanks’s pony. It’s a city [yawn]. What’s more, it supposedly is quite Scottish [double yawn]. In the benefits column, there was a Westpac cash machine which doesn’t charge for a cash withdrawal (ANZ bank in Te Anau had tried to charge me) so I consoled myself with a cash withdrawal before sitting outside in the slightly brighter with a beer before heading back via the supermarket.

We made a 5-minute side trip to Shag Point to see another misnomer of a Fur Seal colony [sea lions, of course]. There’s only so much interest that a handful of motionless grey seal(ion)s basking on similarly coloured grey rocks can provide, even to a wildlife enthusiast.

‘T was still grey when we arrived back but conditions have lighted a little since, except for the twat with that bloody guitar, of course.

Today we left Queenstown to head east across country to Moeraki. Where? Moeraki as in the Moeraki Boulders. The Moeraki Boulders are large, marble-like lumps of rock on a beach, much beloved of landscape photographers and are one of Francine’s bucket list items.

We left the mountains behind in brilliant sunshine and headed into the centre of South Island. The sky remained clear blue and, as the day progressed, the temperature rose accordingly, hitting 27°C at its height.

En route, we spotted three different places that looked as if they might be candidates for odonata, and so they proved, though one site produced only a single species, the good ol’ Common Redcoat. Still, it was good to be having some opportunity to spot things again after several days of abstinence. My research before departing had shown that New Zealand has a paucity of dragonflies and damselflies – just 17 species in all but really 15 if the rare migrants/vagrants are removed. I have now begun to suspect that one problem is that it also has a paucity of suitable habitat. There are a lot of cold, fast flowing mountain streams but they ain’t any good. Calmer, still, warm fresh water seems scarce. We do pass what look like good ponds every now and then but most are behind fences on private land, being rather like what the Australians call dams on farm properties.

In the centre the land was unspectacular but very pleasantly rural, much more me than would be, say, a city. If there were ever to be a new Zealand campsite that was designed to relax in, this would be an environment in which it would be worth relaxing. There isn’t, of course, but it’s a nice thought: pasture, cows, sheep, no traffic to speak of, sparsely populated except for the occasional homely, single street towns … [Sigh]

As we made our way through another range of hills towards the east coast, the horizon began to appear as an ominous grey mass. As we drew closer we began to descend towards the coastal plain and our sun disappeared behind the grey overcast. Busby’s temperature read out fell from 27°C to 14.5°C in about 10 minutes. Bugger!

I suspect that what we were now experiencing was equivalent to summer in San Francisco. Was it mark Twain (it usually is) who famously said, “the coldest winter I ever experienced was summer in San Francisco”? Here’s the way it works: Very hot air from California’s central valley, crosses the coastal mountain range, descends and bumps into cold air coming in off the Pacific Ocean. Result, fog. Under the fog, the temperature plummets. We’d just left hot air over the higher central ground, crossed some hills and descended towards the east coast of New Zealand. Well, it’s a theory. That could be complete bollocks, of course – probably just cloud. 🙂

Poor Francine, she’d been so looking forward to photographing her Moeraki Boulders with either good sunsets or good sunrises, or both, and the weather was socked in and as flat, grey and lifeless as we can ever remember seeing it. Bugger again! Still, we have two nights here so conditions may improve.

We did go and look, though. The boulders are not as large as I imagined. I was personally left distinctly underwhelmed. I blame the low angles and wide angle lenses. I felt very sorry for Francine, though.

We are spending two nights in our sardine can of a campsite near Queenstown. Francine was interested to see Arrowtown, another old gold mining town which is only about 20kms away. In fact, it used to be where the Top 10 sardine packing factory campsite used to be before the current location took over. Arriving relatively early we found a parking space big enough for Busby and wandered in search of coffee. Joy, we found a real Italian café selling cannoli to go with our coffee. The cannoli were divine. As with most gold mining areas, the town looked bit wild west, except for the cars, of course.

At Arrowtown there were walks along the river, a river which was once again lined with lupins though not the broad swathes of the approach to Milford Sound. I hadn’t realized prior to New Zealand that lupins had such a cloying, rather sickly smell but then, I hadn’t ever been in such close proximity to so many before. Frankly, I was beginning to tire of lupins.

We walked along one side of the wooded banks of the river and, as we did so, the lupins began to fade out. We thought that this woodland looked rather British. Birds were plentiful. Astonishing though it is, they made me think.

Entering New Zealand, one passes through or into what I think is termed a Biological Control Zone. It seems a great idea; we could do with some more biological control over things entering the UK and parts of Europe given some of our more recent biological problems. However, where New Zealand is concerned it does seem rather like shutting the stable door after the proverbial horse has disappeared over the distant, picturesque hills. Prior to our visit, we knew that possums have been causing devastation to the native wildlife. What we unaware of was that the imported animal causing doing most damage and most concern is actually the stoat. I now know that the kill traps we had seen on several of our woodland walks were targeting stoats. I thought the entrance hole looked a bit bijou for a possum but now I understand. Rats are also a big issue.

Back to the birds. What do you think is the most numerous bird in New Zealand? Answer: the European Blackbird. That shocked me. Blackbirds are seen hoping everywhere and are heard singing their little hearts out all over the place. Other familiar European feathered friends that have been introduced and taken over include the House Sparrow, Song Thrush, Starling, Chaffinch, Goldfinch, Dunnock (a.k.a. Hedge Sparrow), Yellowhammer, Skylark. We have seen a handful of smaller native birds – one Tomtit and a few of Silvereyes – but they are heavily outnumbered by the imports.

I’m sure worse could be introduced – anthrax or the red weevil that is destroying Spain’s palm trees –  but New Zealand’s native ecosystem was completely f***ed up about 150 years ago. That horse is long gone.

We got a new power cable from Maui before sticking our nose into Queenstown, then rapidly sticking it back out again – far too many people.